Effective, Evidence-Based Home Visiting Programs in Every State at Risk if Congress Does Not Extend Funding
End Notes
[1]Liz Schott and LaDonna Pavetti are from the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Stephanie Schmit and Hannah Matthews are from the Center for Law and Social Policy. Ife Floyd and Rosana Garcia from CBPP also contributed to this paper.
[2] Sarah Avellar et al., Home Visiting Evidence of Effectiveness Review: Executive Summary, Washington, D.C. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Policy, Research and Evaluation, September 2013, http://homvee.acf.hhs.gov/HomVEE_Executive_Summary_2013.pdf#exec_summary.
[3] Testimony of Jon Baron before the House Ways and Means Committee, Subcommittee on Human Resources, July 17, 2013, http://waysandmeans.house.gov/uploadedfiles/jon_baron_testimony_071713.pdf.
[4] John Bridgeland and Peter Orszag, “Can Government Play Moneyball?” The Atlantic, June 19, 2013, http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2013/07/can-government-play-moneyball/309389/.
[5] Further details on funding are available at http://mchb.hrsa.gov/programs/homevisiting/grants.html.
[6] See http://homvee.acf.hhs.gov/Default.aspx. The list of the 14 models as well as additional detail about each is available in the Appendix and http://mchb.hrsa.gov/programs/homevisiting/models.html. See also, Sarah Avellar et al., “Home Visiting: Evidence of Effectiveness Review,” Mathematica Policy Research, September 2013, http://homvee.acf.hhs.gov/HomVEE_Executive_Summary_2013.pdf#exec_summary.
[7] For more information on the Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting Evaluation, visit http://www.mdrc.org/mihope-project-description.
[8] Healthy Families America, Research Spotlight on Success: Healthy Families America Promotes Child Health and Development; Brian D. Johnston, Colleen E. Huebner, Melissa L. Anderson, et al., “Healthy Steps in an Integrated Delivery System: Child and Parent Outcomes at 30 Months,” Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 160, no. 8 (2006): 793–800; D. Lowell, A. Carter, L. Godoy, et al., “A Randomized Controlled Trial of Child FIRST: A Comprehensive Home-Based Intervention Translating Research into Early Childhood Practice.”
[9] Harriet Kitzman, David Olds,, Charles Henderson, Carole Hanks, Robert Cole, Robert Tatelbaum, et al., “Effect of prenatal and infancy home visitation by nurses on pregnancy outcomes, childhood injuries, and repeated childbearing: A randomized controlled trial,” JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 278, no.8 (1997): 644–652.
[10] Healthy Families America, Research Spotlight on Success: Healthy Families America Promotes Child Health and Development, Healthy Families America, 2008, www.healthyfamiliesamerica.org; David L. Olds, Harriet Kitzman, Carole Hanks, et al., “Effects of Nurse-Home Visiting on Maternal and Child Functioning: Age Nine Follow-Up of a Randomized Trial,” Pediatrics 120, no. 4 (2007): 832–845; Phyllis Levenstein, Susan Levenstein, James A. Shiminski, et al., “Long-Term Impact of a Verbal Interaction Program for At-Risk Toddlers: An Exploratory Study of High School Outcomes in a Replication of the Mother-Child Home Program,” Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 19, no. 2 (1998): 267–285.
[11] Kristen Kirkland and Susan Mitchell-Herzfield, “Evaluating the Effectiveness of Home Visiting Services in Promoting Children’s Adjustment in School: Final Report to the Pew Center on the States,” New York State Office of Children and Family Services, 2012, http://www.pewstates.org/uploadedFiles/PCS_Assets/2013/School_Readiness_executive_summary.pdf.
[12] Kimberly DuMont, Kristen Kirkland, Susan Mitchell-Herzfeld, et al., “A Randomized Trial of Healthy Families New York (HFNY): Does Home Visiting Prevent Child Maltreatment?”; Research Spotlight on Success: Healthy Families America Promotes Positive Parenting, Healthy Families America, 2008, www.healthyfamiliesamerica.org; David L. Olds, JoAnn Robinson, Lisa Pettitt, et al., “Effects of Home Visits by Paraprofessionals and by Nurses: Age Four Follow-Up of a Randomized Trial,” Pediatrics 114, no.6 (2004): 1560–1568; Mary Wagner, Elizabeth Iida, and Donna Spikes, The Multisite Evaluation of the Parents as Teachers Home Visiting Program: Three Year Findings from One Community Menlo Park, CA: SRI International, 2001; Brenda Jones Harden, Rachel Chazan-Cohen, Helen Raikes, et al., “Early Head Start Home Visitation: The Role of Implementation in Bolstering Program Benefits,” Unpublished manuscript, 2010.
[13] Mary Wagner and Donna Spikes, “Multisite Parents as Teachers Evaluation: Experience and Outcomes for Children and Families,” SRI Project PO7283, 2001.
[14] David Olds, Charles Henderson, Robert Tatelbaum, et al., “Improving the Life-Course Development of Socially Disadvantaged Mothers: A Randomized Trial of Nurse Home Visitation,” American Journal of Public Health 78, no. 11 (1988): 1436–1445; H. Kitzman, David L. Olds, Charles R. Henderson, Jr., et al., “Effect of Prenatal and Infancy Home Visitation by Nurses on Pregnancy Outcomes, Childhood Injuries, and Repeated Childbearing: A Randomized Controlled Trial,” Journal of the American Medical Association 278, no. 8 (1997): 644–652; Craig W. LeCroy and Judy Krysik, “Randomized Trial of the Healthy Families Arizona Home Visiting Program,” Children and Youth Services Review 33, no. 10 (2011): 1761–1766; Jones Harden, Chazan-Cohen, Raikes, et al., “Early Head Start Home Visitation: The Role of Implementation in Bolstering Program Benefits.”
[15] John Love, Ellen Kisker, Christine Ross, Peter Schochet, Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, Kimberly Boller, et al., “Building their futures: How Early Head Start programs are enhancing the lives of infants and toddlers in low-income families,” Summary report, Report to Commissioner’s Office of Research and Evaluation, Head Start Bureau, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, and Department of Health and Human Services, Mathematica Policy Research, 2001, http://www.mathematica-mpr.com/PDFs/buildingvol1.pdf.
[16] Pedro Carneiro, Costas Meghir, and Mattias Parey, “Maternal Education, Home Environments, and Child Development,” Journal of the European Economic Association 11(S1) (2013): 28-29.
[17] See http://evidencebasedprograms.org/about/early-childhood for more information.
[18] In Florida, North Dakota, and Wyoming, MIECHV funding did not go through the state agency but instead went to qualified nonprofits pursuant to a provision in the federal law. Neither the timing nor the amount of the grants for these three states are included in the figures presented here as complete information is not available.
[19] For more information on Iowa’s MIECHV efforts, see the state’s home visiting website at https://www.idph.state.ia.us/hpcdp/family_health_support.asp.
[20] For more information on Michigan’s MIECHV initiatives, see the state home visiting website at http://www.michigan.gov/homevisiting/.
[21] For more information on New Mexico’s Tribal Home Visiting Program, see http://www.nappr.org/images/thv-summer-2013.pdf.
[22] For more information on Oregon’s home visiting program, see Oregon’s Home Visiting System website at http://public.health.oregon.gov/HealthyPeopleFamilies/Babies/HomeVisiting/Pages/index.aspx.
[23] For more information on Tennessee’s home visiting program, see the Tennessee Home Visiting Programs Annual Report (July 1, 2012 – June 30, 2013) at http://health.state.tn.us/LegislativeReports/PDFs/HomeVisiting_AnnualReport_2013.pdf.
[24] For more information on Texas’ home visiting program, see “Home Visiting in Texas: Current and Future Directions,” The Texas Association for the Protection of Children, December 2012, at http://www.texprotects.org/site/DocServer/Final_Home_Visiting_Report_03_11_13.pdf?docID=5641.
[25] For more information on Washington’s home visiting program, see Home Visiting in Washington at http://www.del.wa.gov/development/visiting/.