January 26, 2008
DISPELLING CONFUSION ON FOOD STAMPS,
TAX REBATES,
AND THE STIMULUS PACKAGE
Speaker's Statement on Food Stamps
at National Press Club Was Mistaken
By Robert Greenstein
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi made tough choices in the stimulus package, securing
a tax rebate that includes most low-income working families while dropping
provisions for temporary increases in unemployment and food stamp benefits.
Unfortunately, in defending those choices at the National Press Club on Friday,
she mistakenly provided an inaccurate description of the food stamp provision
that was dropped.
The Speaker said: “What was bandied about was a 10 percent increase in food
stamps. Do you know what that translates into for a person on food stamps? Ten
cents a day. Ten cents a day. I thought it was more important to put a check
for $1,000 in the hands of the mom in that family.”
These food stamp figures, however, are not correct. For a mother and two
children — such as a mother working at the minimum wage — the 10 percent food
stamp increase under discussion would have provided an increase of $352 to $396
in food stamps. The 10 percent increase would have provided families of three
with $44 more per month in food stamps (an increase of well over $1 a day), and
this increase would have been in effect from April or May through December
(i.e., for eight or nine months).
(The Speaker’s mistake was understandable;food stamp benefits are sometimes described as averaging $1 per
person per meal, and 10 percent of $1 is 10 cents. But the $1 figure refers to
the level of food stamp benefits per person per meal, not per person per
day. In addition, the proposal that was under discussion would increase the
maximum food stamp benefit by 10 percent, which translates into an increase
of about 15 percent in the average benefit.)
This $350-$400 increase would be a useful complement to the $900 rebate that
this mother would receive from the tax rebate — especially since her rebate
would be several hundred dollars smaller than the rebates that would go
to families at higher income levels.
The food stamp provision also would serve as a useful complement to the tax
rebates in other ways. As Congressional Budget Office Director Peter Orszag has
explained, the food stamp and unemployment insurance provisions under
consideration would inject stimulus into the economy considerably faster than
the tax rebates or other options under consideration. The increased food stamp
and UI benefits could begin reaching people in 60 days; in some states, the food
stamp increase could begin reaching people in 30 days. In contrast, the first
tax rebate checks would not reach anyone until late May, and many families would
not receive the rebates until July or even August.
In
fact, the food stamp and UI provisions are the only provisions that CBO has
found to be both highly effective as stimulus and fast-acting. If
one of the goals of the stimulus package is to act quickly to avert a serious
recession, then provisions that are both effective and fast acting ought be
accorded some priority. For these reasons, Goldman Sachs counseled on Friday
that the food stamp and UI provisions have “strong policy justifications.”
In addition, an analysis issued last week by Moody’s Economy.com finds that the
food stamp and UI proposals would be the two most cost-effective of all stimulus
options — that is, these are the measures that would produce the largest
increases in economic activity per dollar of cost.
The food stamp provision would complement the tax rebate in another significant
way as well. Low- and moderate-income elderly and disabled individuals and couples would
not receive the rebate. (People with modest incomes could qualify only if they
have at least $3000 in earnings.) About 2 million low-income elderly
individuals who live on meager fixed incomes and would be left out of the rebate
would receive the food stamp increase, were it to be included in the
final package.
David M.
Herszenhorn, “Congress Moving for Swift Passage of Stimulus,” New York
Times, Jan. 26, 2008.
Goldman Sachs,
“Refilling the Punch Bowl: The Prospects for Fiscal Stimulus,” Jan. 25,
2008.
|