Percent Poor

Social Security and Poverty Among the Elderly:
A National and State Perspective
Appendix Tables

Table A-1
Impact of Social Security on Elderly Persons
	Percent Poor Before Social Security			Percent Poor After Social Security			Percent Lifted From Poverty By Social Security

	Low	Best	High	Low	Best	High	Low	Best	High
	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate

Alabama	0.53	0.56	0.59	0.16	0.18	0.20	0.33	0.38	0.44
Arizona	0.41	0.43	0.46	0.09	0.11	0.12	0.28	0.33	0.38
Arkansas	0.58	0.60	0.63	0.18	0.20	0.22	0.35	0.41	0.46
California	0.42	0.43	0.44	0.12	0.13	0.13	0.28	0.31	0.33
Colorado	0.34	0.37	0.40	0.07	0.08	0.10	0.23	0.29	0.35
Connecticut	0.37	0.40	0.43	0.05	0.06	0.08	0.29	0.34	0.39
Florida	0.48	0.49	0.50	0.11	0.12	0.13	0.35	0.37	0.39
Georgia	0.47	0.50	0.52	0.14	0.16	0.18	0.29	0.34	0.40
Hawaii	0.28	0.31	0.34	0.08	0.09	0.11	0.17	0.22	0.27
Idaho	0.47	0.49	0.52	0.08	0.09	0.11	0.35	0.40	0.45
Illinois	0.47	0.48	0.50	0.09	0.10	0.11	0.35	0.38	0.41
Indiana	0.51	0.54	0.57	0.08	0.10	0.11	0.39	0.44	0.50
Iowa	0.47	0.50	0.52	0.08	0.10	0.11	0.35	0.40	0.45
Kansas	0.47	0.49	0.52	0.10	0.12	0.13	0.33	0.38	0.43
Kentucky	0.50	0.53	0.55	0.12	0.14	0.16	0.33	0.39	0.44
Louisiana	0.52	0.55	0.58	0.17	0.19	0.21	0.30	0.36	0.42
Maine	0.52	0.55	0.57	0.11	0.13	0.15	0.36	0.42	0.47
Maryland	0.38	0.41	0.44	0.09	0.11	0.13	0.25	0.30	0.36
Massachusetts	0.46	0.47	0.49	0.10	0.11	0.13	0.33	0.36	0.40
Michigan	0.46	0.48	0.49	0.09	0.10	0.11	0.35	0.38	0.41
Minnesota	0.49	0.52	0.55	0.10	0.11	0.13	0.34	0.40	0.46
Mississippi	0.58	0.60	0.63	0.19	0.21	0.23	0.33	0.39	0.45
Missouri	0.45	0.48	0.51	0.10	0.11	0.13	0.32	0.37	0.42
Montana/Wyom.*	0.51	0.53	0.55	0.10	0.11	0.12	0.38	0.42	0.46
Nebraska	0.50	0.53	0.55	0.09	0.11	0.13	0.37	0.42	0.47
Nevada	0.42	0.45	0.48	0.08	0.09	0.11	0.31	0.36	0.41
New Hampshire	0.45	0.48	0.52	0.07	0.09	0.10	0.34	0.40	0.46
New Jersey	0.42	0.44	0.45	0.09	0.10	0.11	0.31	0.34	0.37
New Mexico	0.46	0.48	0.51	0.15	0.17	0.19	0.26	0.31	0.37
New York	0.49	0.50	0.51	0.14	0.15	0.16	0.33	0.35	0.37
North Carolina	0.52	0.54	0.56	0.15	0.16	0.17	0.35	0.38	0.42
N. & S. Dakota*	0.52	0.54	0.55	0.12	0.13	0.15	0.37	0.40	0.44
Ohio	0.47	0.49	0.50	0.10	0.11	0.12	0.35	0.38	0.41
Oklahoma	0.52	0.55	0.57	0.13	0.15	0.17	0.35	0.40	0.45
Oregon	0.44	0.46	0.49	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.34	0.40	0.45
Pennsylvania	0.52	0.53	0.54	0.10	0.11	0.11	0.40	0.42	0.45
Rhode Island	0.52	0.55	0.57	0.11	0.13	0.14	0.37	0.42	0.47
South Carolina	0.54	0.57	0.60	0.16	0.18	0.20	0.33	0.39	0.45
Tennessee	0.51	0.54	0.56	0.17	0.19	0.21	0.29	0.35	0.40
Texas	0.49	0.50	0.52	0.15	0.17	0.18	0.31	0.34	0.37
Utah	0.37	0.40	0.43	0.05	0.06	0.08	0.28	0.34	0.39
Virginia	0.42	0.45	0.47	0.12	0.14	0.16	0.25	0.31	0.36
Washington	0.39	0.42	0.45	0.08	0.09	0.11	0.27	0.33	0.39
West Virginia	0.56	0.59	0.61	0.14	0.16	0.17	0.38	0.43	0.48
Wisconsin	0.45	0.48	0.50	0.07	0.09	0.11	0.33	0.39	0.44

U.S. Total**	0.48	0.49	0.49	0.12	0.13	0.13	0.35	0.36	0.37
* Data for Montana and Wyoming and for North Dakota and South Dakota have been combined to produce sample sizes large enough to obtain reliable estimates ** The U.S. total figures in this table differ from the national figures in the text of the report because the U.S. total figures in this table, like the state figures, are based on pooled Census data for the five years from 1993 to 1997. The national figures in the text are based on data for 1997 only. Note: The following states have been omitted because the sample sizes in these states are too small to obtain reliable estimates: Alaska, Delaware, District of Columbia, and Vermont.

Table A-2
Impact of Social Security on the Number of Poor Elderly
(in Thousands)
		Number Poor Before Social Security			Number Poor After Social Security

		Low	Best	High	Low	Best	High
		Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate

	Alabama	105	324	543	(21)	101	223
	Arizona	52	235	417	(33)	57	147
	Arkansas	69	200	330	(9)	66	141
	California	950	1,450	1,949	147	421	695
	Colorado	(3)	128	260	(33)	30	93
	Connecticut	15	180	344	(37)	28	93
	Florida	779	1,166	1,552	91	282	474
	Georgia	86	369	651	(42)	116	274
	Hawaii	(2)	46	94	(12)	14	39
	Idaho	15	65	114	(9)	12	33
	Illinois	359	654	949	1	137	272
	Indiana	95	375	655	(52)	66	184
	Iowa	48	185	321	(24)	37	98
	Kansas	39	161	283	(21)	37	96
	Kentucky	68	253	438	(28)	66	161
	Louisiana	61	257	452	(27)	88	204
	Maine	20	88	156	(12)	21	54
	Maryland	26	251	475	(47)	67	182
	Massachusetts	173	357	541	(4)	86	176
	Michigan	303	561	820	(1)	116	234
	Minnesota	42	242	442	(41)	54	149
	Mississippi	57	186	316	(10)	66	143
	Missouri	85	348	612	(44)	83	210
	Montana & Wyom.*	38	85	133	(4)	18	39
	Nebraska	27	106	185	(14)	22	58
	Nevada	15	85	155	(14)	17	49
	New Hampshire	5	65	125	(14)	12	37
	New Jersey	222	433	644	(5)	96	197
	New Mexico	18	90	162	(11)	32	74
	New York	799	1,165	1,531	149	353	556
	North Carolina	255	479	702	22	140	258
	N. & S. Dakota*	50	96	142	1	24	46
	Ohio	386	686	986	9	149	289
	Oklahoma	69	226	384	(21)	61	143
	Oregon	26	174	322	(31)	25	81
	Pennsylvania	573	914	1,256	27	182	337
	Rhode Island	23	83	144	(10)	20	49
	South Carolina	53	223	393	(25)	71	168
	Tennessee	68	305	543	(33)	108	248
	Texas	516	904	1,293	73	298	523
	Utah	5	72	139	(15)	11	37
	Virginia	62	312	563	(44)	96	237
	Washington	21	237	454	(47)	54	155
	West Virginia	68	170	273	(7)	45	98
	Wisconsin	57	271	486	(42)	51	144

	U.S. Total**	14,311	15,373	16,435	3,271	3,968	4,666
* Data for Montana and Wyoming and for North Dakota and South Dakota have been combined to produce sample sizes large enough to obtain reliable estimates. ** The U.S. total figures in this table differ from the national figures in the text of the report because the U.S. total figures in this table, like the state figures, are based on pooled Census data for the five years from 1993 to 1997. The national figures in the text are based on data for 1997 only. Note: The following states have been omitted because the sample sizes in these states are too small to obtain reliable estimates: Alaska, Delaware, District of Columbia, and Vermont

Table A-3
Impact of Social Security on Poor Elderly
		Number Lifted From Poverty by Social Security (in Thousands)			Percent Poor Lifted From Poverty By Social Security
		Low	Best	High	Low	Best	High
		Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate

	Alabama	181.23	222.49	263.75	0.54	0.69	0.83
	Arizona	143.99	177.43	210.88	0.59	0.76	0.93
	Arkansas	109.13	133.92	158.72	0.53	0.67	0.82
	California	935.21	1,028.93	1,122.65	0.63	0.71	0.79
	Colorado	74.46	98.45	122.44	0.54	0.77	1.00
	Connecticut	122.61	151.77	180.93	0.64	0.85	1.05
	Florida	812.12	883.08	954.04	0.68	0.76	0.83
	Georgia	199.45	252.78	306.11	0.52	0.69	0.85
	Hawaii	23.77	32.73	41.68	0.47	0.70	0.93
	Idaho	43.55	52.38	61.20	0.64	0.81	0.98
	Illinois	463.74	517.15	570.55	0.69	0.79	0.89
	Indiana	258.71	308.70	358.69	0.66	0.82	0.99
	Iowa	123.07	147.72	172.36	0.64	0.80	0.97
	Kansas	101.41	123.62	145.84	0.60	0.76	0.93
	Kentucky	152.30	186.45	220.61	0.58	0.74	0.90
	Louisiana	131.21	168.59	205.96	0.48	0.65	0.82
	Maine	54.90	67.28	79.66	0.59	0.76	0.93
	Maryland	142.04	183.49	224.95	0.54	0.73	0.93
	Massachusetts	237.45	271.16	304.86	0.64	0.76	0.88
	Michigan	398.70	445.37	492.04	0.69	0.79	0.89
	Minnesota	151.79	188.27	224.74	0.59	0.78	0.96
	Mississippi	95.06	119.83	144.59	0.49	0.64	0.80
	Missouri	217.08	265.30	313.51	0.60	0.77	0.94
	Montana & Wyoming*	59.00	68.00	76.00	0.67	0.79	0.92
	Nebraska	70.15	84.40	98.64	0.63	0.79	0.96
	Nevada	54.54	67.16	79.79	0.61	0.79	0.98
	New Hampshire	42.97	53.69	64.42	0.61	0.82	1.03
	New Jersey	298.36	336.84	375.33	0.67	0.78	0.89
	New Mexico	44.59	58.31	72.03	0.47	0.65	0.82
	New York	743.08	812.01	880.93	0.63	0.70	0.77
	North Carolina	297.26	338.83	380.39	0.60	0.71	0.81
	N. & S. Dakota*	63.00	72.00	80.00	0.64	0.75	0.85
	Ohio	482.49	536.91	591.33	0.69	0.78	0.88
	Oklahoma	136.23	165.46	194.69	0.57	0.73	0.88
	Oregon	123.16	149.20	175.25	0.67	0.86	1.05
	Pennsylvania	670.05	731.77	793.48	0.72	0.80	0.88
	Rhode Island	52.50	63.63	74.75	0.60	0.77	0.93
	South Carolina	119.43	151.68	183.92	0.51	0.68	0.85
	Tennessee	152.24	197.63	243.01	0.48	0.65	0.82
	Texas	532.82	606.69	680.57	0.58	0.67	0.77
	Utah	48.67	60.52	72.38	0.63	0.84	1.05
	Virginia	168.71	215.97	263.24	0.51	0.69	0.87
	Washington	144.06	183.35	222.65	0.57	0.78	0.99
	West Virginia	106.34	125.25	144.15	0.60	0.74	0.87
	Wisconsin	182.00	220.51	259.02	0.63	0.81	0.99

	U.S. Total**	11,195.58	11,404.60	11,613.62	0.73	0.74	0.76

* Data for Montana and Wyoming and for North Dakota and South Dakota have been combined to produce sample sizes large enough to obtain reliable estimates ** The U.S. total figures in this table differ from the national figures in the text of the report because the U.S. total figures in this table, like the state figures, are based on pooled Census data for the five years from 1993 to 1997. The national figures in the text are based on data for 1997 only.Note: The following states have been omitted because the sample sizes in these states are too small to obtain reliable estimates: Alaska, Delaware, District of Columbia, and Vermont.

Table A-4
Impact of All Government Programs on Elderly
		Number Lifted From Poverty by Government Programs (in Thousands)			Percent Lifted From Poverty by Government Programs
		Low	Best	High	Low	Best	High
		Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate

	Alabama	219	261	302	0	0	1
	Arizona	164	198	232	0	0	0
	Arkansas	133	158	183	0	0	1
	California	1,152	1,240	1,329	0	0	0
	Colorado	87	111	136	0	0	0
	Connecticut	133	164	194	0	0	0
	Florida	915	982	1,050	0	0	0
	Georgia	240	296	352	0	0	0
	Hawaii	28	36	45	0	0	0
	Idaho	49	57	66	0	0	0
	Illinois	512	563	614	0	0	0
	Indiana	272	324	376	0	0	1
	Iowa	135	159	184	0	0	0
	Kansas	116	138	160	0	0	0
	Kentucky	171	206	241	0	0	0
	Louisiana	154	194	234	0	0	0
	Maine	65	77	89	0	0	1
	Maryland	169	210	251	0	0	0
	Massachusetts	277	304	332	0	0	0
	Michigan	443	485	527	0	0	0
	Minnesota	179	216	254	0	0	1
	Mississippi	115	140	164	0	0	1
	Missouri	243	292	341	0	0	0
	Montana & Wyom.*	68	77	86	0	0	1
	Nebraska	78	92	106	0	0	1
	Nevada	66	78	89	0	0	0
	New Hampshire	51	61	72	0	0	1
	New Jersey	341	375	409	0	0	0
	New Mexico	56	70	83	0	0	0
	New York	912	975	1,039	0	0	0
	North Carolina	341	374	407	0	0	0
	N. & S. Dakota*	72	80	89	0	0	0
	Ohio	532	582	632	0	0	0
	Oklahoma	157	187	217	0	0	1
	Oregon	139	166	193	0	0	0
	Pennsylvania	747	806	866	0	0	0
	Rhode Island	62	74	85	0	0	1
	South Carolina	142	172	201	0	0	0
	Tennessee	181	224	267	0	0	0
	Texas	638	710	783	0	0	0
	Utah	52	64	76	0	0	0
	Virginia	195	239	284	0	0	0
	Washington	168	206	243	0	0	0
	West Virginia	127	147	167	0	1	1
	Wisconsin	203	240	278	0	0	0

	U.S. Total**	12,696	12,895	13,094	0	0	0
* Data for Montana and Wyoming and for North Dakota and South Dakota have been combined to produce sample sizes large enough to obtain reliable estimates ** The U.S. total figures in this table differ from the national figures in the text of the report because the U.S. total figures in this table, like the state figures, are based on pooled Census data for the five years from 1993 to 1997. The national figures in the text are based on data for 1997 only. Note: The following states have been omitted because the sample sizes in these states are too small to obtain reliable estimates: Alaska, Delaware, District of Columbia, and Vermont.

Table A-5
Impact of Government Programs on the Number of Poor Elderly
(in Thousands)
			Number Poor Before Government Programs			Number Poor After Government Programs
		Total Elderly	Low Estimate	Best Estimate	High Estimate	Low Estimate	Best Estimate	High Estimate
		Population*
	Alabama	578.85	107.75	336.20	564.65	(32.71)	75.33	183.37
	Arizona	540.78	56.93	245.40	433.88	(35.57)	47.18	129.92
	Arkansas	330.84	71.65	207.24	342.83	(16.35)	49.44	115.23
	California	3,351.50	1,003.13	1,497.04	1,990.94	47.67	256.61	465.56
	Colorado	344.39	(3.67)	132.97	269.61	(32.74)	21.68	76.09
	Connecticut	447.69	12.54	187.09	361.64	(38.83)	23.43	85.70
	Florida	2,389.27	824.01	1,199.44	1,574.87	55.82	217.06	378.29
	Georgia	741.78	82.70	388.33	693.95	(57.24)	92.05	241.33
	Hawaii	149.75	(0.55)	46.69	93.93	(11.77)	10.28	32.32
	Idaho	131.12	18.47	67.10	115.73	(8.51)	9.89	28.28
	Illinois	1,351.86	383.08	670.48	957.89	(7.95)	107.50	222.95
	Indiana	700.71	84.47	379.35	674.22	(57.48)	55.81	169.10
	Iowa	372.25	52.25	191.98	331.71	(25.25)	32.57	90.40
	Kansas	326.07	46.00	169.03	292.07	(21.88)	30.96	83.80
	Kentucky	481.44	69.18	262.33	455.48	(32.73)	56.26	145.26
	Louisiana	467.68	52.80	268.52	484.24	(38.96)	74.35	187.65
	Maine	161.55	24.00	92.25	160.50	(12.16)	15.55	43.25
	Maryland	606.98	25.89	255.32	484.75	(49.95)	45.43	140.81
	Massachusetts	753.53	210.11	364.87	519.62	(2.18)	60.38	122.94
	Michigan	1,173.84	339.55	577.30	815.05	(3.45)	92.04	187.54
	Minnesota	468.82	41.45	253.11	464.76	(44.13)	36.73	117.58
	Mississippi	309.05	62.49	193.68	324.87	(14.64)	53.96	122.57
	Missouri	722.46	86.13	360.81	635.49	(49.22)	68.61	186.44
	Montana & Wyo.**	161.00	39.00	91.00	143.00	(6.00)	14.00	34.00
	Nebraska	201.60	32.74	111.35	189.96	(13.28)	19.22	51.72
	Nevada	188.24	22.56	88.37	154.18	(11.52)	10.56	32.64
	New Hampshire	134.87	6.00	67.43	128.86	(12.27)	6.04	24.35
	New Jersey	987.75	253.82	445.05	636.28	(6.57)	69.93	146.43
	New Mexico	186.50	22.09	95.07	168.05	(12.38)	25.37	63.11
	New York	2,330.09	845.20	1,198.50	1,551.79	68.44	223.06	377.68
	North Carolina	886.58	310.72	489.72	668.72	29.01	115.62	202.24
	N. & S. Dakota**	179.00	52.00	98.00	145.00	(1.00)	18.00	38.00
	Ohio	1,403.76	431.43	711.96	992.49	9.19	130.14	251.09
	Oklahoma	414.20	65.57	232.07	398.56	(27.99)	44.71	117.41
	Oregon	375.35	30.31	184.62	338.93	(30.18)	18.56	67.31
	Pennsylvania	1,724.06	613.05	948.45	1,283.86	9.86	142.16	274.46
	Rhode Island	152.34	21.53	84.72	147.91	(11.80)	11.22	34.24
	South Carolina	390.75	71.56	230.15	388.74	(21.97)	58.55	139.08
	Tennessee	573.11	76.00	306.70	537.40	(37.52)	82.72	202.97
	Texas	1,797.67	548.44	943.46	1,338.49	34.76	233.16	431.56
	Utah	181.62	5.02	73.06	141.10	(14.55)	9.09	32.72
	Virginia	703.16	74.53	317.93	561.32	(44.29)	78.44	201.16
	Washington	559.51	32.02	244.73	457.45	(44.57)	38.96	122.49
	West Virginia	291.25	67.33	180.15	292.96	(14.75)	33.42	81.59
	Wisconsin	566.10	64.33	277.39	490.44	(40.62)	37.10	114.82

	U.S. Total**	31,532.60	14,827.23	15,872.60	16,917.97	2,372.10	2,977.40	3,582.70
* The variation between high and low estimates for the state population of persons ages 65 and over is very small and is not shown here. Data for Montana and Wyoming and for North Dakota and South Dakota have been combined to produce sample sizes large enough to obtain reliable estimates * The U.S. total figures in this table differ from the national figures in the text of the report because the U.S. total figures in this table, like the state figures, are based on pooled Census data for the five years from 1993 to 1997. The national figures in the text are based on data for 1997 only. Note: The following states have been omitted because the sample sizes in these states are too small to obtain reliable estimates: Alaska, Delaware, District of Columbia, and Vermont.

Table A-6
Impact of Social Security on Elderly Women
	Percent of Elderly Women Who are Poor Before Social Security			Percent of Elderly Women are Poor After Social Security			Percentage of Poor Elderly Women Lifted From Poverty By Social Security
	Low	Best	High	Low	Best	High	Low	Best	High
	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate	Estimate

Alabama	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arizona	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arkansas	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
California	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colorado	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Connecticut	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Florida	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgia	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaii	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Idaho	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Illinois	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indiana	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
Iowa	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kansas	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kentucky	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Louisiana	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maine	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maryland	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Massachusetts	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michigan	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Minnesota	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mississippi	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Missouri	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montana & Wyo.*	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nebraska	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
Nevada	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Hampshire	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
New Jersey	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Mexico	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
New York	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Carolina	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
N. & S. Dakota*	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0